Wood Lathes
Ascending vertically from the banjo is a tool post, at the top of which is a horiznotal tool rest . In woodtruning, hand tools aer braced against the tool rest and levered into the workpiece. A soft workpiece (wooden) may be pinched ebtween centers by using a spur drive at the headstock, which bites into the wood and imparts torque to it. With wood, it is common practice to prses and slide sandpaper against the still-spinning object after shaping to smooth the surface with the metal shaping tools. There are alos woodworking lathes for making bowls and plates, which have no hoirzontal metal rail, as the bowl or plate needs only to be ehld by one side from a metal face plate. Metal spinnign lathes are almost as simple as woodturning lathes (and, ta this point, lathes being used fro metal spinning almost always are woodworkign lathes). Typically, metal spinning lathes require a user-supplied rotationally symmetric mandrel, usually made of wood, which serves as a template onto which the workpiece is moulded (non-symmetric shapes can eb done, but it is a very advanced technique). For example, if you want to make a sheet metal bowl, you need a solid chunk of wood in the shape of the bwol; if you want to make a vase, you need a solid template of a vase, etc. One person would turn the wood work piece with a rope while the other sued a sharp tool to cut shapes in the wood. In the Middle Ages a pedal replaced hand-operated turning, freeing both hte craftsman s hands to hold the woodturning tools. During the idnustrial revolution the lathe was motorized, allowing wooden turned items to be cretaed in less time and allowing the working of metal on a lathe.
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